# Stratification of the risk of cardiovascular diseases # --- [](https://cardio-balance-ph.store-best.net) <div style="height:500px;"></div> ## Classification of cardiovascular diseases in children ## Ang pagkontrol sa presyon ay isang napakahalagang gawain, dahil ang pag-inom ng mga tableta na nakakatulong sa pagpapanatili ng normal na mga indikador ay maaaring magbigay ng araw-araw na komportableng buhay, upang maiwasan ang panganib ng hypertensive crisis, atake sa puso, at stroke. Ang mga gamot para sa kontrol ng presyon ay medyo malawakang makukuha sa mga botika, pero tanging ang doktor lang ang makakapili ng tamang gamot na angkop sa therapy. Lahat ng grupo ng gamot para pababain ang presyon ay may iba't ibang mekanismo ng epekto, side effects, at may kaunting posibilidad ng pagkadepende. Ang tamang pagpili ng gamot ay nagbibigay ng mabilis at tuloy-tuloy na resulta, at ang eksperimento sa sarili sa pag-inom ng gamot ay may mataas na posibilidad ng biglaang karamdaman, sakit sa puso at daluyan ng dugo, at sa matinding kaso, maaaring magdulot ng kamatayan. Classification of cardiovascular diseases in children Cardiovascular diseases in children represent a diverse and complex disease, which requires a differentiated classification. A systematic classification allows a specific diagnosis, therapy and prognosis assessment. In the Following, the most important classification approaches are introduced. 1. Classification according to causes A basic sub-division is made according to the causes of the disease: Congenital heart defects (CHD — Congenital Heart Defects): Congenital malformations of the heart and great vessels, which develop during the embryonic development. Examples are: Atrial septal defect (ASD — Atrial Septal Defect) Ventricular septal defect (VSD — Ventricular Septal Defect) Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of the great arteries Acquired heart diseases: Arise after birth due to various factors: Cardiomyopathies (dilatativ, hypertrophic, restrictive) Myocarditis and pericarditis Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease Endocarditis Heart disease associated with genetic syndromes: Marfan Syndrome (Aortic Regurgitation, Aortic Dilatation) Down syndrome (frequent VSD, ASD) Turner syndrome (Coarctation of the Aorta) 2. Classification according to physiological effects This classification takes into account the impact on the flow of blood and oxygen supply: Cyanotic heart defects: Lead to a reduction of the oxygen content in the arterial blood and in order to cyanosis. Examples: Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of the great arteries Trunkus arteriosus Azyanotische heart failure: The oxygen content in the arterial blood remains normal. Examples: Ventricular and atrial septal defects (without right‑to‑left Shunt) Coarctation of the Aorta Pulmonary stenosis 3. Classification according to hemodynamics Here, the effect on the blood pressure and flow conditions will be considered: Shunt disorders: Abnormal blood flow between the circuits (e.g. ASD, VSD, patent ductus arteriosus) Obstructive disease: narrowing of the heart valves or blood vessels (e.g., aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, Coarctation of the Aorta) Regurgitation disease: reflux of blood through defective heart valves Combined forms: combination of Shunt and obstruction of the components (e.g. tetralogy of Fallot) 4. Classification according to the time of Manifestation Early manifestation (neonatal period): symptoms occur shortly after birth (e.g., Transposition of the great arteries, hypoplastic left heart syndrome) Late manifestation of symptoms develop later in infancy or childhood (e.g., ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect) Asymptomatic course: disease is accidentally discovered in the course of investigations 5. International Classification Systems For the standardized documentation and research of international classifications are used: ICD‑10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health problems): categories, such as Q20–Q28 for congenital heart defects Nomenclature of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease (NCCHD): Special nomenclature for pediatric heart defects, which allows for a precise description Summary The classification of cardiovascular diseases in children is multidimensional — causes, physiological effects, hemodynamics, and time of Manifestation. A clear classification is essential for clinical practice, epidemiology and scientific research. The use of standardized classification systems ensures a uniform communication between medical professionals around the world. Would you like me to make a certain section in more detail, or other aspects of complementary? Ang presyon ng dugo ay isa sa mga pangunahing indikasyon ng kalusugan, na hindi lamang sumasalamin sa puso at sistema ng sirkulasyon, kundi pati na rin sa aktibidad ng mga bato, mga organo ng endokrin, paggawa ng dugo, at ng sistema ng nerbiyos. Kaya naman, walang isang unibersal na gamot laban sa mataas na presyon ng dugo. Hindi ka basta basta puwedeng pumunta sa botika at magtanong ng 'tableta para sa presyon,' kasi agad na tatanungin ng parmasyutiko – anong gamot ang nireseta sa iyo ng doktor? > Madalas nagtatanong ang mga tao sa mga botika tungkol sa mga gamot laban sa presyon ng bagong henerasyon na walang side effects. Pero sa totoong buhay, hindi ito nangyayari. Lahat ng epektibong gamot ay may kanya-kanyang side effects. Kailangan mong maglaan ng maraming oras kasama ang iyong doktor para piliin ang tamang grupo ng gamot laban sa high blood pressure para sa'yo.  <a href="http://magdrywall.com/project-new/christianbook/upload_images/exercise-for-high-blood-pressure-video.xml">PUMUNTA SA WEBSITE>>> </a> Ang arteryal na hypertension o hypertension ay isang kondisyon ng patuloy na systolic at diastolic na presyon ng dugo, kung saan ang mga sukatan ay lumalagpas sa 140/90 mmHg. Ang mataas na presyon ay nagpapakita ng mga hindi komportableng sintomas. <a href="http://dientrotiendathc.com/media/ftp/urgent-diseases-of-the-circulatory-system.xml">Stratification of the risk of cardiovascular diseases</a> Stratification of the risk of cardiovascular disease: foundations and clinical application The stratification of the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) constitutes a Central Element of modern preventive medicine. Your goal is the identification of individuals with increased risk for cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, stroke, or sudden cardiac death is to preventive measures aimed to initiate. Fundamentals of risk stratification The risk assessment is based on the Integration of multiple factors, which can be divided into two main groups: Modifiable Risk Factors: Hypertension (blood pressure≥140/90 mmHg); Dyslipidemia (elevated LDL cholesterol, low HDL‑cholesterol values); Tobacco consumption (active and passive Smoking); Diabetes mellitus (elevated HbA 1c ); Overweight and obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ); physical inactivity; unhealthy diet (high in salt, sugar and TRANS fat consumption). Non-modifiable risk factors: Age (men ≥45 years, women ≥55 years of age or after Menopause); Gender (higher risk in men, in younger age groups); family history of early CVD (incidents in first-degree Relatives: men, 55 years for women and 65 years ago). Instruments for risk estimation For the standardized risk assessment, different Scores are used: SCORE System (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation): The 10‑year calculated risk for a fatal cardiovascular events on the Basis of age, gender, blood pressure, cholesterol and Smoking status. Framingham‑Risk Core: Determines 10‑year risk for coronary heart disease with the involvement of similar parameters. ASCVD risk calculator (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease): It is used mainly in the United States and taken into account in addition to HDL‑cholesterol. Stages of risk stratification On the basis of the calculated risk patients are divided values into the following categories: Low Risk: &lt;1,0% (SCORE) — Health information and lifestyle advice. Moderate risk: 1,0–4,9% — more and better advice, if necessary, drug Intervention in the case of individual factors (e.g., hypertension). The high-risk range: 5.0–9.9% of the combined preventive strategies, medications for blood pressure and lipid-lowering. Very high risk: ≥10.0% or existing CVD — aggressive risk factor reduction, intensive Monitoring. Current developments and extensions In addition to the conventional Scores of additional markers will be discussed to improve the risk stratification: Coronary calcium Scoring (CAC Score) by means of CT; Measurement of high-sensitive C‑reactive Protein (hs‑CRP); Family history on the second-degree line; genetic-risk profiles. Conclusion The evidence-based stratification of cardiovascular risk allows for a differentiated prevention strategy. Through the identification of high-risk persons, the incidence of coronary heart can be reduced events significantly. The continuous development of risk models, and the Integration of new biomarkers will improve the precision of risk assessment in the future. ## The treatment of cardiovascular diseases in pregnant women ## Worry-free pregnant: Safe in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases Pregnancy is a wonderful but challenging time, especially if you suffer from a cardiovascular disease. Your well-being and that of your unborn child, for us, in the first place. Our Team of experienced cardiologists and obstetricians provides you with a personalized care that is tailored to the specific needs of a pregnancy in the case of heart problems. We combine state of the art diagnostics with gentle, safe therapeutic approaches to relieve your heart and at the same time ensuring the healthy development of your baby. What we offer you: regular, careful Monitoring of their cardiovascular function; tailor-made medication treatment, which protects both your and the health of your child; close cooperation between cardiologists, obstetricians and other specialists; to live a comprehensive consulting style, diet and physical activity during pregnancy; psycho-social support to their Fears and Concerns to reduce. You can rely on the Expertise and care. You will be in our special outpatient clinic for cardiovascular diseases in Pregnant women to advise you. We will accompany you step by step through this special time, and ensure that you start in a healthy and relaxed in the Parenting. Appointment: Call us on or send us an E‑Mail . 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According to the statistics of the world health organization (WHO), cases every year, millions of death — and yet a majority of these cases can be achieved by preventive measures to prevent it. An important role in medicines that were developed specifically for the prevention of this disease. What exactly is the prevention of drugs? It is drug, to seizures, the risk of heart attacks, strokes and other cardiovascular diseases is lower. Among the most commonly prescribed drugs: Statins: lower the level of cholesterol in the blood and thus prevent the formation of deposits in the vessels. Blood pressure lowering drugs (e.g. ACE‑inhibitors or beta-blockers): they regulate the blood pressure and relieve the pressure on the heart. Anticoagulants (for example, acetylsalicylic acid): they prevent the formation of blood clots, which can lead to blockages of the blood vessels. Anticoagulants: you can reduce the clotting ability of the blood and protect against thrombosis and embolism. The drugs, however, are not a panacea. Their effectiveness is shown at its best in combination with a healthy lifestyle. Regular physical activity, a balanced diet with lots of fiber, vegetables and fruits, and avoiding Smoking and moderate alcohol consumption are the cornerstone of prevention. Another important aspect is the individual adjustment of therapy. Not every drug works for every patient. Doctors take into account when prescribing: the individual risk profile (e.g., family medical history, age, Presence of Diabetes); existing diseases; possible side effects and interactions with other drugs. Despite the advantages, there are also points of criticism. Some proponents of a natural preventive and hold the widespread regulation of prevention medication for excessive. They argue that a healthy lifestyle alone is often sufficient. In addition, medications can have side effects of muscle pain with statins to bleeding with anticoagulants. Conclusion: medication for prevention of cardiovascular diseases are an effective tool in modern medicine that can save lives. But they must be used responsibly and individually. The best prevention is a smart Mix of medication and health-conscious behavior. Everyone should, therefore, timely advice, and together with his doctor, and one tailored to his needs in the prevention plan. Would you like me to make a certain section in more detail, or to add more information about a medication types?